However, when a vehicle reaches the traffic signal in the side road, the motion IR sensor sends a signal to the Arduino card, so that the highway traffic signal turns red, while the side road traffic signal turns green letting the vehicle to pass the intersection. When the side road is empty, the highway traffic signal is always green (highway-always-on mode). A motion IR sensor along with an Arduino PIC were installed to automatically control the traffic signals on/off delay times based on the existence of the vehicles on the side road.

The STS is designed to imitate a side road (with a low traffic move) with a highway road (with a high traffic move). This work is a design and implementation of a smart traffic signal (STS) that controls the time of the traffic signals (Red-Yellow-Green) according to the traffic congestion on the road. A smart on/off traffic signal optimization based on a motion IR Sensor (Infrared) is now a necessity to overcome this problem.

Traffic jam is becoming a headache in the big cities all over the world, which causes a significant delay for drivers and passengers. Thus, it will reduce problems which might rooted from traffic congestion at the intersection.

By using this, all vehicles will be counted and interacted with the system thus increase delay period for the green light at each traffic light which may have high density of traffic. If there is no vehicle on the road for at least 1 second, then it will change to another traffic light. All vehicles pass through the traffic light is measured and processed accordingly to delays. This traffic light uses an Arduino UNO microcontroller to create an automation function together with an Infrared sensor (IR sensor) to detect the density of the traffic. In order to resolve this problem, design of this traffic light will help to reduce traffic jammed at a particular location. Conventional traffic light uses fixed time which cause difficulties in controlling the traffic itself. This increasing number of vehicles on the road will produce many problems such as traffic jammed thus will also drive to road accidents. The more vehicles available, the higher the traffic density is.

Traffic density is define as the amount of vehicle congested at a certain place, in this case an intersection. This project is designed to develop a density based traffic signal system where its signal timing changes automatically after sensing the traffic density at the intersection. This paper presents an inventive prototype design of a traffic light which is purposely used at junctioned road since traffic light is the best way to supervise and manage traffic at any busy junction or intersection.

Proteus ir sensor