understanding reliability and validity in qualitative research

This is one way of triangulating via data sources. For example, the researcher should conduct a literature review to familiarize herself with the content of the phenomenon under investigation, collect data by means of a focus group interview to get in-depth information. A different type of triangulation may include the use of a wide selection of informants. The usage of triangulation permits the investigator to strive to distinguish true information. It involves evidence from various sources different methods of collecting data and different investigators.

Triangulation: This means the use of multiple referents to draw conclusions.

Continuous observation: Certain situations concerning to the phenomenon under study should be observed over an adequate period of time to spot certain aspects highly relevant to it.

Extended participation: This represents investment of adequate time to learn culture, test for false information, build trust and usually repeating the procedure central to the case study. This can be attained through consultation of appropriate documents and preliminary visits to the companies themselves.

Steps to Improve Credibility in Qualitative Research

This stresses the significance of thick description so that the reader has the knowledge on which to base judgment. Theoretical concepts must have generalisability and transferability, which means that concepts must be applicable to other similar situations. Internal validity is very important in qualitative research, as research workers are able to demonstrate the reality of the individuals through in depth description of the discussion.

Understanding reliability and validity in qualitative research